[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/jak-funguji-prskavky\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/jak-funguji-prskavky\/","headline":"JAK FUNGUJ\u00cd PRSKAVKY","name":"JAK FUNGUJ\u00cd PRSKAVKY","description":"Pyrotechnika jako oh\u0148ostroj, prskavky a v\u0161echny dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 druhy, jsou jako kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed. Je to cel\u00e1 chemie z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b, ale jsou to z\u00e1bavn\u00e9 triky a v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1te k dispozici. \u00a0 V pyrotechnice jsou speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi slo\u017ekami palivo a oxida\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinidlo. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prskavky je palivem v\u011bt\u0161inou pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd kov a […]","datePublished":"2023-05-29","dateModified":"2023-05-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56990d361a15c60249588fcd5c65556d1c39f993ac5e20b5abce42fd817b46e8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56990d361a15c60249588fcd5c65556d1c39f993ac5e20b5abce42fd817b46e8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"scj-cr.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a298204_w2104_t1508504250.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a298204_w2104_t1508504250.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/jak-funguji-prskavky\/","wordCount":428,"articleBody":"Pyrotechnika jako oh\u0148ostroj, prskavky a v\u0161echny dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 druhy, jsou jako kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed. Je to cel\u00e1 chemie z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b, ale jsou to z\u00e1bavn\u00e9 triky a v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1te k dispozici.\u00a0V pyrotechnice jsou speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi slo\u017ekami palivo a oxida\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinidlo. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prskavky je palivem v\u011bt\u0161inou pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd kov a oxida\u010dn\u00edm \u010dinidlem je nej\u010dast\u011bji dusi\u010dnan draseln\u00fd. Kdy\u017e je pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd kov oxidov\u00e1n, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed spoustu energie, kter\u00e1 se dere ven, naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se exotermn\u00ed.\u00a0Sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 a teplo se zvuky, kter\u00e9 prskavky vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed, p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed ve\u0161kerou energii, kter\u00e1 zbyla ve form\u011b efekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme vn\u00edmat zrakem, sluchem i \u010dichem, tvo\u0159\u00ed se t\u00edm dokonal\u00fd jev zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako brilantn\u00ed kask\u00e1da t\u0159pytiv\u00fdch jisker. Kdy\u017e sv\u00edt\u00ed prskavka, objevuje se stejn\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed reakce jako u oh\u0148ostroj\u016f, tedy spalov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0P\u0159i p\u00e1len\u00ed palivov\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed trv\u00e1 proces, ne\u017e se v\u0161echno sp\u00e1l\u00ed. Kdy\u017e udr\u017e\u00edte chemickou reakci na \u00farovni, kdy slo\u017eky mezi sebou reaguj\u00ed, ale energie je pozdr\u017eena a n\u00e1sledn\u011b prudce uvoln\u011bna, dojde k jevu, kter\u00fd je zn\u00e1m u oh\u0148ostroj\u016f. Stejn\u00e9 je to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prskavky, s rozd\u00edlem, \u017ee u oh\u0148ostroj\u016f je ve\u0161ker\u00fd pyrotechnick\u00fd materi\u00e1l uprost\u0159ed (obvykle \u010dern\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ek, jako pr\u00e1\u0161ek z pistole) velmi t\u011bsn\u011b uzav\u0159en. Kdy\u017e je vzn\u00edcen, po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uvol\u0148uje teplo a plyn, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tlak a\u017e do v\u00fdbuchu.\u00a0Prskavka ale nevybuchne, je to proto, \u017ee se reakce ned\u011bje dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed se d\u011bje v \u0159ad\u011b. Jakmile se rozsv\u00edt\u00ed horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st prskavky, zapo\u010dne reakce: kysl\u00edk je uvoln\u011bn, oxiduje kov, kter\u00fd uvol\u0148uje v\u00edce tepla a zap\u00e1l\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed malou \u010d\u00e1st pyrotechnick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e1 jde po cel\u00e9 linii prskavky.Zat\u00edmco pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd kov v prskavce p\u016fsob\u00ed jako palivo, existuj\u00ed kovy v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed velikosti a p\u0159itom jemn\u00fdch jako zrnka p\u00edsku, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed jiskry samotn\u00e9. Kdy\u017e se tento kov zap\u00e1l\u00ed, vznikne jiskra, kterou v\u0161ichni vid\u00edme. Drobn\u00e9 kousky tohoto kovu jsou vysouv\u00e1ny do vzduchu a sp\u00e1l\u00ed se ve vzduchu. Bez p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch kousc\u00edch kovu by byla prskavka oby\u010dejnou ty\u010dkou vyd\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed teplo a prob\u011bhla by zn\u00e1m\u00fdm spaln\u00fdm procesem, tedy bez jisker.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"JAK FUNGUJ\u00cd PRSKAVKY","item":"https:\/\/www.scj-cr.cz\/jak-funguji-prskavky\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]